La flora vascolare della penisola del Sinis (Sandregna occidentale)

The vascular flora of Sinis Peninsula (W Sardinia).The vascular flora of Sinis Peninsula (W Sardinia) has been studied; 760 taxa, 615 of which were species, 134 subspecies, 10 varieties and 1 hybrid were found. They were included in 365 genera and 87 families. The Eudicots were dominant over the other systematic groups. The most represented families were: Poaceae (99 taxonomic units), Fabaceae and Asteraceae (85), Caryophyllaceae (33), Apiaceae (27) and Orchidaceae (24). The most represented genera were: Trifolium (19), Silene (14), Limonium and Medicago (13), Ophrys (12), Euphorbia and Vicia (10), Plantago (9), Allium (8) and, finally, Lotus, Ranunculus and Vulpia (7). The contingent of endemics (54 taxonomic units) was 8,97% of the Mediterranean component showing the dominance of Sardinian-Corsican (33,33%) and in the second place Sardinian elements (24,10%), that together to reach 57,43% of the total. This flora consisted of 31 species, 17 subspecies and 6 varieties; 38 genera and 22 families were recognized. The most represented families were: Plumbaginaceae (10), Asteraceae and Lamiaceae (5), Fabaceae (4), Alliaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Ranunculaceae (3). The most represented genera were: Limonium (10) and Allium, Delphinium, Euphorbia, Scrophularia, Silene, Teucrium (2). Based on the taxa present in the regional Italian Red List, the species exclusive of Sardinia and important for the conservation has been included. For these species we proposed the news categories of preservation following the IUCN criteria. Our analysis, confirmed the presence of 12 taxa critically endangered as well as this group included the majority of exclusive endemism of the territory. According to the geomorphological, geological and bioclimatic data of the territories studied within the floristic analysis and in particular the endemic and phytogeographical component, we proposed the creation of new biogeographic subsector named Sinisico

Studio fitosociologico delle cenosi a Carex microcarpa Bertol. ex Moris della Sardegna meridionale

Phytosociological study on Carex microcarpa Bertol. ex Moris communities in southern Sardinia (Italy). Results of a phytosociological study on Carex microcarpa Bertol. ex Moris communities in southern Sardinia (Italy), are herein presented. For the vegetation analysis ten phytosociological relevés, five soil profiles and a bioclimatic analysis on thermopluviometric stations present in Sulcis-Iglesiente and Sarrabus-Gerrei regions, were carried out. All data were elaborated and subsequently submitted to multivariate statistical analysis. This permitted to recognize two principal groups that correspond with to two different subassociations which are vicarious in relation to the substrate and its physical chemistry features. All relevés are referable to the Hyperico hircini-Caricetum microcarpae ass. nova. In particular those of the former group belong to the typical subassociation oenanthetosum crocatae subass. nova. and those of the second one to adiantetosum capilli-veneris subass. nova. The typical subassociation develops on deep, very rich in humus, from subalkaline to neutral and with limited slope soils. The adiantetosum capilli-veneris subassociation develops on very wet substrate, it is characteristic of dripping rocks and spring areas. The communities are syntaxonomically related to the Sardo-Corsican endemic alliance Caricion microcarpae

La flora vascolare della Peninsola del Sinis (Sardegna Occidentale)

La flora vascolare della Penisola del Sinis (Sardegna Occidentale). Viene presentato lo studio della flora vascolare della Penisola del Sinis; in totale sono state rinvenute 760 unità tassonomiche e in particolare 615 specie, 134 sottospecie, 10 varietà e 1 ibrido, riferibili a 365 generi e 87 famiglie. Le Eudicots sono risultate il gruppo sistematico dominante. Le famiglie più rappresentate sono: Poaceae (99 unità tassonomiche), Fabaceae e Asteraceae (85), Caryophyllaceae (33), Apiaceae (27) e Orchidaceae (24). I generi con maggior numero di taxa sono: Trifolium (19), Silene (14), Limonium e Medicago (13), Ophrys (12), Euphorbia e Vicia (10), Plantago (9), Allium (8) e infine Lotus, Ranunculus e Vulpia (7). Il contingente delle endemiche (54 unità tassonomiche) è risultato pari al 8,97% della componente mediterranea e mostra una dominanza degli elementi sardo-corsi (33,33%) e secondariamente sardi (24,10%), i quali unitamente raggiungono il 57,43% del totale. La flora endemica è costituita da 31 specie, 17 sottospecie e 6 varietà, inquadrati in 38 generi e 22 famiglie. Le famiglie più rappresentate sono risultate le Plumbaginaceae (10), Asteraceae e Lamiaceae (5), Fabaceae (4), Alliaceae, Euphorbiaceae e Ranunculaceae (3); il genere più ricco è risultato Limonium (10), seguito da Allium, Delphinium, Euphorbia, Scrophularia, Silene e Teucrium (2). E�stato elaborato un elenco dei taxa inseriti nelle liste rosse regionali d�Italia, al quale sono state aggiunte tutte le endemiche esclusive e le specie di importanza conservazionistica a livello regionale, per le quali vengono proposte le nuove categorie di protezione secondo i criteri della IUCN. Da tale analisi è emerso che sono presenti 12 unità tassonomiche gravemente minacciate, gruppo che include gran parte delle endemiche esclusive del territorio. Sulla base dei dati morfologici, geologici e bioclimatici relativi ai territori studiati, unitamente alle analisi di tipo floristico ed in particolare della componente endemica e d�interesse fitogeografico, viene proposto un inquadramento biogeografico a livello di sottosettoreThe vascular flora of Sinis Peninsula (W Sardinia).The vascular flora of Sinis Peninsula (W Sardinia) has been studied; 760 taxa, 615 of which were species, 134 subspecies, 10 varieties and 1 hybrid were found. They were included in 365 genera and 87 families. The Eudicots were dominant over the other systematic groups. The most represented families were: Poaceae (99 taxonomic units), Fabaceae and Asteraceae (85), Caryophyllaceae (33), Apiaceae (27) and Orchidaceae (24). The most represented genera were: Trifolium (19), Silene (14), Limonium and Medicago (13), Ophrys (12), Euphorbia and Vicia (10), Plantago (9), Allium (8) and, finally, Lotus, Ranunculus and Vulpia (7).The contingent of endemics (54 taxonomic units) was 8,97% of the Mediterranean component showing the dominance of Sardinian-Corsican (33,33%) and in the second place Sardinian elements (24,10%), that together to reach 57,43% of the total. This flora consisted of 31 species, 17 subspecies and 6 varieties; 38 genera and 22 families were recognized. The most represented families were: Plumbaginaceae (10), Asteraceae and Lamiaceae (5), Fabaceae (4), Alliaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Ranunculaceae (3). The most represented genera were: Limonium (10) and Allium, Delphinium, Euphorbia, Scrophularia, Silene, Teucrium (2). Based on the taxa present in the regional Italian Red List, the species exclusive of Sardinia and important for the conservation has been included. For these species we proposed the news categories of preservation following the IUCN criteria. Our analysis, confirmed the presence of 12 taxa critically endangered as well as this group included the majority of exclusive endemism of the territory. According to the geomorphological, geological and bioclimatic data of the territories studied within the floristic analysis and in particular the endemic and phytogeographical component, we proposed the creation of new biogeographic subsector named Sinisico

Taxonomic revision of the Astragalus genargenteus complex (Fabaceae)

Within the Astragalus genargenteus complex three morphologically, ecologically and chorologically well differentiated taxa are distinguished: A. genargenteus from siliceous substrate in the Gennargentu massif (central Sardinia) and two species described as new to science, A. gennarii from limestone on Monte Albo (NE Sardinia) and A. greuteri, widespread on siliceous substrate in the Corsican mountains. The relationship of these species with the allied, spine cushion-like A. sirinicus and A. angustifolius is examined. A key to the species and illustrations are given

Analisi distributiva e studio fitosociologico delle comunità a Santolina insularis (Gennari ex Fiori) Arrigoni della Sardegna meridionale (Italia)

Information on the distribution and phytosociological study of communities with Santolina insularis (Gennari ex Fiori) Arrigoni in southern Sardinia (Italy). Santolina insularis is a polyploid endemic distributed mainly in the south and central-eastern parts of Sardinia (Italy). It is found from sea level to the summit of Mt. Gennargentu (1834 m a.s.l.). This paper provides up-to-date information on the distribution of the species and the results of phytosociological study of the communities found in southern Sardinia. Two new associations called Euphorbio cupanii-Santolinetum insularis and Thymelaeo hirsutae-Santolinetum insularis are proposed on the basis of 37 original relevés and two from the literature. The former is linked to glareicolous environments of the Iglesias area and has two subassociations which vicariate in relation to substrate rocks and their physicochemistry, as well as bioclimatic and syndynamic conditions. The second is characteristic of non-stabilised alluvial beds of the Sarrabus-Gerrei and was hitherto regarded as a variant of the association Polygono scoparii-Helichrysetum microphylli. The two associations are related syntaxonomically through the alliance Teucrion mari, which includes chamaephytic vegetation with distribution in Sardinia and Corsica, indifferent to substrate chemistry and capable of establishing on degraded soils in the initial stages of pedogenesis

A Phytosociological study of the deciduous oak woods of Sardinia (Italy)

We present here the results from a phytosociological and synchorological study of the deciduous oak woods of Sardinia. This vegetation analysis has allowed the individuation of three new associations: Lonicero implexae-Quercetum virgilianae, Ornithogalo pyrenaici-Quercetum ichnusae and Glechomo sardoae-Quercetum congestae. The Lonicero implexae-Quercetum virgilianae association includes the woods on calcareous substrata spread throughout Northern Sardinia, which can occasionally be found in southern areas; the first of these are rich in mesophilous species and are attributed to the subassociation cyclaminetosum repandi, while the others are referred to quercetosum virgilianae. The Ornithogalo pyrenaici-Quercetum ichnusae association, more widely distributed in Central-Northern Sardinia, includes the climatophilous deciduous woods that are found on lithological substrata of a non-carbonatic nature, and in particular, on andesites, trachytes and metarenites. The typical aspect is referred to the subassociation cytisetosum villosi, while the subassociation ilicetosum aquifolii includes the more mesophilous woods on basaltic substrata. The Glechomo sardoae- Quercetum congestae association always includes the woods found on the non-carbonatic substrata in the higher altitude areas with an oceanic pluviseasonal temperate bioclimate. Of this, the subassociation quercetosum congestae, on the granite areas, and oenanthetosum pimpinelloidis, on those metamorphic and of basalt, are proposed. At the higher hierarchical levels, the association Lonicero implexae-Quercetum virgilianae is referred to the endemic Sardinian-Corsican suballiance Clematido cirrhosae-Quercenion ilicis, of the alliance Fraxino orni-Quercion ilicis, while for the other associations the new suballiance Paeonio morisii-Quercenion ichnusae, (holotypus: Glechoma sardoae-Quercetum congestae ass. nova) particular to the Sardinian biogeographic subprovince, is proposed, of the alliance Pino calabricae-Quercion congestae, the order Quercetalia pubescentipetraeae, and the class Querco roboris-Fagetea sylvatica

Studi di biologia della conservazione di specie vegetali endemiche della Sardegna nell'ambito del progetto "GENMEDOC"

Conservation biology studies on the endemic species from Sardinia within the "GENMEDOC" Project - The achieved results of the Interreg IIIB "Genmedoc" project (2004-2006) are here reported. Data focused on the conservation biology studies of Sardinian endemic species are showed in this work. During the project 26 populations of 16 species were investigated and the ex situ conservation for these species was guaranteed by storage of 65 seed lots in the seedbank. Furthermore 8 species were analysed by in situ characterization of 17 populations: for each population ecological studies were carried out. Real and possible threats that affect these populations were detected. For 6 species effective germination protocols were identified and also valied by other two project partners. These protocols allow evaluating seed quality for the stored lots and their longevity during next years; moreover the knowledge of the best germination conditions will be able to schedule a possible cultivation or an in situ re-introduction for these species. These results were obtained by sistematic conservation biology studies of threatened endemic species of Sardinia by a tested and internationally acknowledged methodology

Contributo alla conoscenza della brioflora del Sulcis (Sardegna sud-occidentale)

A first contribution to the knowledge of the bryological flora of Sulcis is presented. The total number of species amounts to 216 entities belonging to classes of Musci(186), Hepaticae (29) and Anthocerotae (1); finding of 30 new species to Sulcis is reported. A chorological analysis is also done

La flora del Monte Arcuentu (Sardegna sud occidentale)

The results of an anaytical survey of the flora of Monte Arcuentu, a volcanic massif in SW Sardinia, are reported. The survey resulted in 556 recorded taxa, belonging to 335 genus, 84 families and 39 orders. The most represented Phylum is Magnoliophyta (539 taxa), of which the Eudicots represent the richest systematic group, with 22 orders, 54 families and 405 species. The most represented orders are: Asterales (74 taxa), Lamiales (59), Fabales (53) and Caryophyllales (30). Most of the recored taxa were belonging to Asteraceae (71), followed by Fabaceae (52) and Poaceae (51). Most frequent genera are: Trifolium (11), Euphorbia (9), Allium, Geranium, Juncus, Medicago, Ophrys, Orobanche (7). The biological spectrum highlights the remarkable Mediterranean connotation of the studied district, being the therophytes (40.8%), followed by hemicriptophytes (27.0%) and geophytes (14.7%) being the most frequent growth forms. Indeed, the chorologic spectrum is dominated by the Mediterranean chorotype (48.4%), whose main partitions are: steno-Mediterranean (22.8%), endemic (9.7%) and W-Medit. (9.3%). Taxa with a broader distribution range, but centred in the Mediterranean basin, represent the 26.6%. The endemic taxa were 54 , among which Asteraceae (8) and Fabaceae (5) were the most represented families. The chorologic spectrum of the endemic units is dominated by Sardo-Corsican taxa (20), followed by Italo-Tyrrhenian ones (14). The analysis of rarity, according to the categories of Rabinowitz, highlighted the fact that the largest group (231) consists of WBL (i.e. species diffused over the territory, with a wide ecology and a large local population, in some places dominant), while the smallest one (5) is formed by the NBL (i.e. species with a limited spread over the territory, a wide ecology and a large local population, at times dominant). The taxa protected by international regulations are all the recorded orchids (19) and Cyclamen repandum subsp. repandum, included in the attached II of CITES, Brassica insularis in the Berne Convention, 2 in the Habitat Directive (Brassica insularis and Ruscus aculeatus), plus 3 (Soleirolia soleirolii, Hyoseris taurina and Genista morisii) cited in the IUCN- red lists

Analisi della vegetazione del distretto minerario di Montevecchio (Sardegna sud-occidentale)

Montevecchio (SW-Sardinia) are presented. The statistic analysis of the relevés let to recognize 14 plant communities. The hygrophilous communities have been ascribed to the class Phragmito-Magnocaricetea, the hemicryptophytic mesohygrophilous ones to Juncetea maritimi, the therophytic to Tuberarietea guttatae and the hemicryptophytic mesoxerophilous to Lygeo-Stipetea. The most interesting vegetation types turned out to be the chamaephytic and nanophanerophytic ones, both kinds are belonging to sardo-corsican endemic alliances: Ptilostemono casabonae-Euphorbion cupanii and Teucrion mari, respectively. The first alliance comprises pebble vegetation with distinctive ecological preferences, as they are able to colonize substrata polluted by heavy metal, with low pH values. Within this alliance, 4 new associations have been recognized: Scrophularietum bicoloris, Dactylo hispanicae-Helichrysetum tyrrhenici, Mercurialido corsicae-Euphorbietum cupanii and Dauco maritimi-Dittrichietum viscosae, the latter with two subassociations (typicum and rumicetosum glaucescentis). As to the Teucrion mari, 1 new association and 1 subassociation have been described (Helichryso tyrrhenici-Genistetum sulcitanae and Stachydi glutinosae-Genistetum corsicae euphorbietosum cupanii), found on aged mining dumps, where the long abandonment made possible the beginning of the pedogenetic processes. The present study let to reconstruct the vegetation dynamics, that in the mining areas are clearly differing from the surrounding territory. It was possible to identify two special series, strictly related to these habitats and verging to the establishment of plant communities pertaining to the climatophilous series: the first is developing on coarse, hard-sloping debris, with very low water retention; the second is developing on fine-grained and coherent materials, found on flattened or gently-sloping sites, with high edaphic humidity. In wetlands, it was also possible to identify an edaphohygrophilous series and a geoseries of endoreic water bodies, not exclusive of the mining habitats